Internal-combustion engine



March 6, 1928. 1,661,738

J. A. RYMER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 29, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 "5' A INVENTOR.

, ATTORNEY J. A. RYMER INTERNAL GOMBUS TION ENGINE March 6, 1928.

Filed Jan. 29; 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet -2 IN VEN TOR. Jfl/Frmm.

BY w w/w W ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 6, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.

JOHNA. RYMER, OF ALAMEDA, CALIFORNIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed January 29,1924. Serial No. 689,358.

vide an engine in which the wear due to.

. the transverse thrust of the piston will be uniformly distributed practically evenly around the cylinder bore.

A further object of the invention is to provide an engine of the two-strokecycle type in which the engine cylinder rather than the piston controls the admission ofair thereinto.

The invention possesses other objects and features of advantage, some of which, with the foregoing, will be set forth in the following description of the preferred form of my invention which is illustrated in the draw ings accompanying and forming part of the specification. It is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the showing made by the said drawings and description, as I may adopt variations of the preferred form within the scope of my invention as set'forth in the claims.

Referring to said drawings 2- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an engine of the-two-stroke-cycle type, embodying the principles of my invention.

Figures 2 and 3 arejtransverse sectional :views respectively taken on the'lines 2-2 and 3-3 of Figure 1.

The engine, as illustrated .in the drawings, comprises a block l having a cylindrical bore 5 formed therein. Mounted for rotation in the bore 5 is a cylinder 7 provided with a bore 8 in which a piston 9 is adapted to reciprocate. The rings 11 of the piston are arranged to operatively engagethe sides of the cylinder bore 8, and the cylinder is long enough to permit the'piston to remain in engagement therewith throughout a complete stroke. Means are provided in association with the rotating cylinder to permit the introduction of air into the cylinder bore at the proper time. Formed in the head end of the cylinder is a plurality of circumferentially aligned ports 12 which are adapted during the rotation of the cylinder to intermittently register with air passages 13 formed in the block i. The. passages 13 lead from an air chamber let which surrounds the portion of the cylinder in which the piston reciprocates. In this manner, the air entering the cylinder bore Will have first served as a cooling mediumfor the cylinderand at the same time will have become preheated.

The block is preferably provided with a water jacket 16. It will thus be noted that cooling of the engine by'both air and water is positively provided for.

Formed in the cylinder and extending completely around the same is a plurality of exhaust ports 17 which are adapted to be covered by the piston except during the completion of the power stroke and commencement of the compression stroke. The ports 17 are in constant communication with anexhaust chamber 18 which preferably completely surrounds the portion of the cylinder containing the ports 17. The air ports 12 are arranged to register with the air inlet passages 13 when the piston uncovers the exhaust ports. The pressure of the air in the chamer 14 is adapted to be maintained above that of the atmosphere by any suitable means. In this manner, since the intake and exhaust ports are open sinniltaneously,the exhaust gases are positively and forcefully assisted in their escape from the cylinder.

The complete scavengingof the exhaust gases is also facilitated by reason of'the fact that the intake of the air and discharge of exhaust gases each take place practically evenly around the interior of the cylinder,

and both the intake and exhaust are effected witha minimum restriction of fluid flow.

Fuel is introduced into the cylinder by means of an injection valve 21 which is po sitioned adjacentthe head end of the cylinder, and is arranged to be actuated to inject a charge of fuel. into the cylinder during the compression stroke after the intake and exhaust ports are closed. It will thus be understood that loss of fuelthrough theports will be impossible.

Rotation of thecylinder ispreferably effected by means of a gear 22 fixed on the cylinder and meshing with a worm 23 suitably driven by the engine. Since the engine here illustrated is ofthe two-strokecycle type, the cylinder is adapted to be ro- .t-ated so that a cycle will be completed when an angular rotation corresponding to the distance between adjacent inlet ports is effixed to the latter.

in operativerelation to the cams by means of thevalve spring 28, a roller 29, here shown carried by the rod and engaging the flange, beingprovided to minimize the friction.

In the present embodiment of the invention, the flange 25 is utilized for preventing the longitudinal displacement of the cylinder, and is accordingly held in a seat 31 provided between the head end portion of the block and the cylinder head 32 which 18 In the construction here shown. the fuel nozzle is positioned to cause the fuel to be introduced into thecylinder through an air inlet port, thedischarge from the nozzle being timed to take place as an inlet port registers with the nozzle opening 30, at which time in the engine'cycle the remaining inlet ports'are arranged ,to be out of regist'ation with the inlet passages. In this manner, the nozzle opening is coveredduring the time of explosion, thus protecting the valve from the eifects'of the high explosion pressure and making possible the "use of a relatively weak valve sprin The cylinder head 32 is preferably formed with an annular extension 33 which extends into the cylinder and engages the walls thereof. The portion 33 extends over the area of the air inlet ports and is'provided with openings 34; which register with the air passages 13 and nozzle outlet 30 provided in the block. The extension 33 is formed with a groove 36 in which is arranged a packing ring 37 which bears against the inner all of the cylinder. It will thus be clear that a double seal against leakage is effected at the head end of the cylinder.

I claim i 1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder mounted for rotation about its axis and having a bore, a piston mounted for reciprocation in said bore, an air intake passage adjacent the head end of the cylinder, an exhaust passage adjacent the other end of said cylinder, ports in said cylinder adjaeent the head and opposite ends thereof respectively arranged to intermittently and continuously register with said passages during the rotation of said cylinder, means operative to inject fuel into said bore when said head-end ports is not registering with said air inlet passage, and fuel igniting means associated with said cylinder.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a bore, a piston mounted for reciprocation in said bore, awater jacket surrounding said cylinder, and an air jacket enclosing said water jacket amt-arranged to intermittently con'nnunicate with said bore.

3. In an internal combustion engine of the two-stroke-cycle type, a cylinder, a cylindcr mounted for rotation in said cylinder and having a bore, a piston arranged to reciprooate in said bore, a plurality of circumferentially aligned exhaust ports arranged in said cylimlerextcnding completely around the cylinder and adapted to be uncovered by the piston near the end of the power stroke and commencement of' the compression stroke, and an exhaust passage formcdin said cylinder encircling said cylinder and communicating directly with each of said ports.

4. In an internal combustion engine'of the two-stroke-cycle type, a block having a cylindrical bore, a fuel injection nozzlefor fuel under pressure provided with a corn trol valve and carried by said block, a sleevevalve mounted for rotation'in said borcand having an opening arranged to intermittently communicate with said nozzle upon rotation of said sleeve, and means operative to actuate said nozzle control valve to deliver a chargethrough said nozzle while said opening communicates therewith.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a block having a bore and providedwith ports adjacent the head end of said bore, a sleevevalve mounted for rotation in said bore and provided with ports arranged to intermittently register with said first port-s during the rotation-of said sleeve, and a relatively stationary head member extending into said bore and defining therewith an annular space for the reception of said sleeve and provided with openings aligned with said first ports.

In testimony whercof,I have hereunto set my hand at Oakland, California, this 4th day of January, 1924.

JOHN A. RYMER, 

